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It doesn't quite produce 1.21
gigawatts, but it does find bubbles in liquid metal. A pretty
nifty concept considering you can't see bubbles in a liquid metal. The
people funding my research are interested in bubbles in an
industrial 'bubble machine' called a gas fluxing unit. Liquid aluminum
is purified in a gas fluxing unit by bubbling chlorine gas through the
liquid. The chlorine reacts with impurities in the liquid, such as Na,
Mg, and Ca, and the product of this reaction can then be easily separated
from the liquid aluminum. This type of purification is necessary in
aluminum recycling. Pretty groovy. :)
During an experiment
the bubble probe is
immersed in molten aluminum and hooked up to a capacitance meter. If a
bubble comes in contact with the probe tip the capacitance changes and is
recorded, thus allowing me to figure out where bubbles are and potentially
how big they are. You see! My capacitance probe is used to detect bubbles in
a gas fluxing unit! The Flux Capacitor! Science is great!
Finding bubbles in molten metals (aluminum and steel that is) is of interest
since bubbles do great things when you have a multicomponent liquid and you want
to selectively remove a particular component of the liquid. This happens
by way of a chemical reaction between what's in the bubble and what is being
removed in the liquid. In my case, or rather the aluminum industry's case,
we need to remove impurities like Na, Mg, and Ca from aluminum. These
impurities come from the primary processing of aluminum and to a greater extent
from aluminum recycling. When aluminum is recycled it is in the form of an
alloy, meaning small quantities of other metals have been added to the aluminum
to create an alloy with specific properties. For instance pure aluminum
can be strengthened by adding small amounts of Mn (up to 1.25%) and Mg (up to
3.5%) -- this is the type of alloy used to make beverage cans. [ The
U.S. recycles an amazing 60% of aluminum cans! And some states, I think
MI, recycle 90% of their aluminum cans! ] Likewise, the aluminum
alloys used in airplanes or automobiles have been designed to match the needs of
a specific application. The recycling process is then largely a
process of removing these impurities to produce a relatively pure aluminum.
In the gas fluxing process chlorine bubbles are injected into the molten metal
and the Cl2 reacts with Na and Mg to form an immiscible liquid or
solid which can easily be separated from the molten aluminum. Bubbles can be
easily distributed in a large volume of liquid and help mix the liquid which
helps remove impurities faster. |
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Gas fluxing box showing how the 'flux capacitor' can be used to detect bubbles. |
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